2013년 11월 22일 금요일

오후 5:46

By Jeremiah Otts

In: , , , , , , ,

No comments

Jeremiah Otts 's blog ::...Rod 4/5/2004 $250.00 Chicago, IL 60657 National Public Radio/Radio Produce -[Contribution] DNC SERVICES CORPORATION/DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE Andrews, Jan 3/31/2004 $250.00 Alexandria, VA...







Jeremiah Otts 's blog ::...Rod 4/5/2004 $250.00 Chicago, IL 60657 National Public Radio/Radio Produce -[Contribution] DNC SERVICES CORPORATION/DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE Andrews, Jan 3/31/2004 $250.00 Alexandria, VA...








               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｉｃ               Ｆｅｖｅｒ:               Ｃｏｍｉｎｇ               Ｓｏｏｎ               ｔｏ               ａ               Ｇｏｒｉｌｌａ               Ｎｅａｒ               Ｙｏｕ
               Ｉｔ               ｔｙｐｉｃａｌｌｙ               ｂｅｇｉｎｓ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａ               ｓｏｒｅ               ｔｈｒｏａｔ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｆｅｖｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｗｅａｋｎｅｓｓ               ｓｅｔ               ｉｎ               ａｂｏｕｔ               ａ               ｄａｙ               ｏｒ               ｔｗｏ               ｌａｔｅｒ,               ｂｕｔ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅｎ,               ｔｈｅ               ｓｅｖｅｒｅ               ｈｅａｄａｃｈｅ               ｂｌｏｃｋｓ               ｏｕｔ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｏｆ               ｙｏｕｒ               ｓｅｎｓｅｓ.

Ｏｎｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉａｒｒｈｅａ               ｈｉｔｓ,               ｔｈｅ               ｏｎｌｙ               ｒｅｐｒｉｅｖｅ               ａｒｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｔｅｒｍｉｔｔｅｎｔ               ｓｐｅｌｌｓ               ｏｆ               ｖｏｍｉｔｉｎｇ.

Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ,               ｔｈｉｓ               ｉｓ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｙｏｕ               ｂｅｃｏｍｅ               ｂｅｄｒｉｄｄｅｎ               ｂｙ               ｎｅｃｅｓｓｉｔｙ               ａｎｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｂｙ               ｃｈｏｉｃｅ.

Ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅｒｅ,               ａ               ｈｏｒｒｉｆｉｃ               ｒａｓｈ               ｂｅｇｉｎｓ               ｔｏ               ｃｒｅｅｐ               ａｌｏｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｋｉｎ               ｆｏｒｍｉｎｇ               ｈｕｇｅ               ｂｒｕｉｓｅｓ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｓｌｏｕｇｈ               ｏｆｆ               ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｌｉｇｈｔｅｓｔ               ｔｏｕｃｈ.

Ｔｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｌｅｅｄｉｎｇ               ｂｅｇｉｎｓ.

Ｂｌｏｏｄ               ｏｏｚｅｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｏｕｔｈ,               ｔｈｅ               ｔｏｎｇｕｅ,               ｔｈｅ               ｅｙｅｂａｌｌｓ,               ａｎｄ               ｃｏｕｎｔｌｅｓｓ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｎａｍｅｌｅｓｓ               ｏｒｉｆｉｃｅｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｔｉｓｓｕｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｅａｒｔ               ｂｅｇｉｎｓ               ｔｏ               ｓｏｆｔｅｎ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｌｏｏｄ               ｓｌｏｗｌｙ               ｌｅａｋｓ               ｏｕｔ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｏｒｇａｎｓ               ｔｕｒｎ               ｉｎｔｏ               ａ               ｓｏｕｐｙ               ｍｅｓｓ.

Ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅｎ,               ｉｎ               ａｂｏｕｔ               70%               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｓｅ               ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｃａｓｅｓ,               ｙｏｕ               ｄｉｅ               (Ｐｅｔｅｒｓｏｎ,               1994).

Ｔｈｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ｉｓ               ｉｎｃｒｅｄｉｂｌｙ               ｃｏｎｔａｇｉｏｕｓ               ａｎｄ               ｄｅｖａｓｔａｔｉｎｇｌｙ               ｐｏｔｅｎｔ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｎｏ               ｃｕｒｅ               ｉｎ               ｓｉｔｅ.

Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ               ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｄｏｍｉｎａｔｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋｓ               ａｌｌｏｗ               ｕｓ               ｔｏ               ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ               ｉｔｓ               ｖｉｒｕｌｅｎｃｅ               ａｎｄ               ｏｒｉｇｉｎａｔｉｏｎ               ａｎｄ               ｗｈｅｔｈｅｒ               ｏｒ               ｎｏｔ               ｉｔ               ｗｉｌｌ               ａｆｆｅｃｔ               ｕｓ               ｉｎ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ.



               Ｔｈｅ               ｗｅｌｌ               ｄｏｃｕｍｅｎｔｅｄ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               (ＥＶＤ,               ａｌｓｏ               ｋｎｏｗｎ               ａｓ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｉｃ               Ｆｅｖｅｒ,               ｏｒ               ＥＨＦ)               ｈａｖｅ               ｏｎｌｙ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｆａｔａｌｉｔｉｅｓ               ｕｐｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔ               (ｗｉｔｈ               ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ａｓｙｍｐｔｏｍａｔｉｃ               ｃａｓｅｓ               ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｉｎｅｓ).

Ｗｈａｔ               ｉｓ               ｉｔ               ａｂｏｕｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｔｒｉｎｓｉｃ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ               ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｍａｋｅ               ｉｔ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｃｏｎｄｕｃｉｖｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋｓ               ａｎｄ               ｓｕｂｓｅｑｕｅｎｔ               ｆａｔａｌｉｔｉｅｓ?

Ｗｈｙ               ｄｏｎ'ｔ               ｗｅ               ｓｅｅ               ＥＨＦ               ｍａｎｉｆｅｓｔ               ｉｔｓｅｌｆ               ａｎｙｗｈｅｒｅ               ｅｌｓｅ?

Ｔｈｅ               ａｎｓｗｅｒ               ｓｔｅｍｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｒｉｖｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ,               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｌｉｃａｔｅ               ｉｎｔｅｒｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ               ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｓ,               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｏｖｅｒｔｙ               ａｎｄ               ｃｕｓｔｏｍｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｐｅｏｐｌｅ.
               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               (ｎａｍｅｄ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ａ               ｒｉｖｅｒ               ｉｎ               ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ)               ｉｓ               ｉｎｄｉｓｔｉｎｇｕｉｓｈａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               Ｍａｒｂｕｒｇ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ａｎｄ               ｉｓ               ｔｙｐｉｃａｌｌｙ               ｃａｔｅｇｏｒｉｚｅｄ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｆｉｖｅ               ｄｉｓｔｉｎｃｔ               ｓｕｂｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｓ.

Ｚａｉｒｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               (ＺＥＢＯＶ)               ｉｓ               ｂｙ               ｆａｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｄｅａｄｌｙ               ｓｔｒａｉｎ,               ｋｉｌｌｉｎｇ               ｕｐ               ｔｏ               90%               ｏｆ               ｉｔｓ               ｖｉｃｔｉｍｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｓｕｄａｎ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               (ＳＥＢＯＶ)               ｃｌａｉｍｓ               ａｒｏｕｎｄ               50%               ｏｆ               ｉｔｓ               ｖｉｃｔｉｍｓ               ａｎｄ               ｉｓ               ｏｎｌｙ               ｆｏｕｎｄ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｓｕｄａｎ.

Ｒｅｓｔｏｎ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               (ＲＥＢＯＶ)               ｉｓ               ｅｘｔｒａｏｒｄｉｎａｒｉｌｙ               ｄｅｖａｓｔａｔｉｎｇ               ｉｎ               ｐｒｉｍａｔｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｐｉｇｓ               ｂｕｔ               ｈａｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｃａｕｓｅｄ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｉｎ               ａｎｙ               ｅｘｐｏｓｅｄ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ.

Ｃôｔｅ               ｄ'Ｉｖｏｉｒｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               (ＣＩＥＢＯＶ)               ｗａｓ               ｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄ               ｉｎ               ｃｈｉｍｐａｎｚｅｅｓ               ａｌｏｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               Ｉｖｏｒｙ               Ｃｏａｓｔ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｃａｎｎｉｂａｌｉｓｔｉｃ               ｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ               Ｒｅｄ               Ｃｏｌｕｂｕｓ               ｍｏｎｋｅｙｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｂｕｎｄｉｂｕｇｙｏ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               (ＢＥＢＯＶ)               ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ               ｅｍｅｒｇｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａｎ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋ               ｉｎ               Ｕｇａｎｄａ               ｉｎ               ｌａｔｅ               2007               ａｎｄ               ｒｅａｐｐｅａｒｅｄ               ｉｎ               2012               ｗｉｔｈ               ａ               67%               ｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙ               ｒａｔｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｄｅｍｏｃｒａｔｉｃ               Ｒｅｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ               (Ｇｅｎｔｏｎ,               2012).
               Ｔｏ               ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｔｏ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔａｎｃｅ,               ｉｔ'ｓ               ｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌ               ｔｏ               ｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｄ               ｈｏｗ               ｔｈｅｓｅ               ｓｔｒａｉｎｓ               ｉｎｉｔｉａｌｌｙ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔ               ｈｏｍｏ               ｓａｐｉｅｎ.

ＥＢＶ               ｎａｔｕｒａｌｌｙ               ｒｅｓｉｄｅｓ               ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ｆｒｕｉｔ               ｂａｔｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｐｔｅｒｐｏｄｉｄａｅ               ｆａｍｉｌｙ               (Ｎｉｃｈｏｌ,               2000).

Ｔｈｅ               ｈａｂｉｔａｔ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅｓｅ               ｂａｔｓ               ｃｏｖｅｒｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ               2/3               ｏｆ               Ａｆｒｉｃａ,               ｔｈｅ               ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ               ｃｏａｓｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｒａｂｉａｎ               Ｐｅｎｉｎｓｕｌａ,               Ｉｎｄｉａ,               Ｓｏｕｔｈｅａｓｔ               Ａｓｉａ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ               ｃｏａｓｔ               ｏｆ               Ａｕｓｔｒａｌｉａ               (Ｐｅｔｅｒｓｏｎ,               2004).

Ｔｈｅ               ｈｏｔ               ｂｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ＥＨＦ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋｓ               ａｒｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ               ｏｆ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ,               Ｇａｂｏｎ               ａｎｄ               Ｓｕｄａｎ:               ｔｈｅ               ｈｅａｒｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｓｅ               ｆｒｕｉｔ               ｂａｔ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ.

Ｉｔ               ｓｈｏｕｌｄ               ｂｅ               ｎｏ               ｓｕｒｐｒｉｓｅ:               ｔｈｉｓ               ｒｅｇｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｗｏｒｌｄ               ｐｒｏｆｆｅｒｓ               ａｎ               ｉｄｅａｌ               ｈａｂｉｔａｔ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅｓｅ               ｔｙｐｅｓ               ｏｆ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｂａｔｓ               ｔｅｎｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｒｉｖｅ               ｉｎ               ｗａｒｍｅｒ               ｃｌｉｍａｔｅｓ,               ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｌｙ               ｗｈｅｎ               ａｃｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｄｅｎｓｅｌｙ               ｆｏｒｅｓｔｅｄ               ｒｅｇｉｏｎｓ               ａｎｄ               ａｎ               ａｂｕｎｄａｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｆｒｕｉｔ               (Ｄａｓｚａｋ,               2000).

Ｔｈｅ               ｔａｌｌ,               ｌｅａｆｙ               ｔｒｅｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｒａｉｎ               ｆｏｒｅｓｔ               ｓｅｒｖｅ               ａｓ               ｓｈａｄｙ               ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｄａｙ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｔｓ               ｒｏｏｓｔ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｕｎｄｉｓｔｕｒｂｅｄ               ｂｏｄｉｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｗａｔｅｒ               ａｌｌｏｗ               ｔｈｅｍ               ｔｏ               ｆｌｏｕｒｉｓｈ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｂａｔｓ               ｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙ               ａｃｔ               ａｓ               ｒｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ａｎｄ               ｅｘｈｉｂｉｔ               ｎｏ               ｄｅｔｅｃｔａｂｌｅ               ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓ;               ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               ｉｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ｉｓ               ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ,               ｔｈｅ               ｔｅｒｒｏｒｓ               ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｒａｇｅ               ｉｎ               ｆｕｌｌ               ｆｏｒｃｅ               ｌｅａｖｉｎｇ               ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ               Ａｆｒｉｃａ               ｌｉｔｔｅｒｅｄ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｂｌｏｏｄｙ,               ｃｏｎｔａｇｉｏｕｓ               ｃａｒｃａｓｓｅｓ.
               Ｔｈｅ               ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａ               (Ｇｏｒｉｌｌａ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａ)               ｒｏａｍｓ               ｆｒｅｅｌｙ               ａｎｄ               ｉｎ               ｇｒｅａｔ               ｑｕａｎｔｉｔｙ               ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ               ｅｘｉｓｔｉｎｇ               ｌａｒｇｅｌｙ               ｕｐｏｎ               ｆｒｕｉｔ.

Ｔｈｅｓｅ               ｄｉｅｔａｒｙ               ｈａｂｉｔｓ               ｂｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅｍ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｃｏｎｔａｃｔ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｈａｌｆ-ｃｏｎｓｕｍｅｄ               ｆｒｕｉｔ               ａｎｄ               ｐｕｌｐ               ｌｅｆｔ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｆｒｕｉｔ               ｂａｔｓ               ａｓ               ｗｅｌｌ               ａｓ               ｃｏｐｉｏｕｓ               ａｍｏｕｎｔｓ               ｏｆ               ｕｒｉｎｅ               ａｎｄ               ｆｅｃｅｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｐｒｉｍａｔｅｓ.

Ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ａｌｓｏ               ｐｏｓｓｅｓｓ               ａｎ               ｉｎｎａｔｅ               ｉｎｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｖｅｎｅｓｓ,               ａｎｄ               ｓａｄｌｙ,               ｃｕｒｉｏｓｉｔｙ               ｉｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｋｉｌｌｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｃａｔ,               ｂｕｔ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ｉｎ               Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ               Ａｆｒｉｃａ.

Ｉｔ'ｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｕｎｃｏｍｍｏｎ               ｆｏｒ               ａ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａ               ｔｏ               ｇｉｎｇｅｒｌｙ               ｉｎｓｐｅｃｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｇｒｕｅｓｏｍｅ               ｃａｒｃａｓｓｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｆａｌｌｅｎ               ｆａｍｉｌｙ               ｆｏｒ               ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｋｉｌｌｅｒ,               ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ               ｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ               (Ｍｏｒｓｅ,               1995).

Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ｏｒｇａｎｉｚｅ               ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｒｏｏｐｓ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔ               ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎ               ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ               ｍｅｍｂｅｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｇｒｏｕｐ.

Ｔｈｅｙ               ａｌｓｏ               ｔｙｐｉｃａｌｌｙ               ｈａｖｅ               ａ               ｈｏｍｅ               ｒａｎｇｅ               ｏｆ               ｕｐ               ｔｏ               30               ｋｍ,               ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ               ｗｉｄｅｎｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎ               ｒａｄｉｕｓ               (Ｍｏｒｓｅ,               1995).

Ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ａｒｅ               ａｌｓｏ               ｕｎａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｂｕｒｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ               ｃｅｓｓｐｏｏｌｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｋｉｎ,               ｌｅａｖｉｎｇ               ｖｉｒｕｓ-ｌａｄｅｎ               ｃｏｒｐｓｅｓ               ｓｔｒｅｗｎ               ａｃｒｏｓｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｊｕｎｇｌｅ               ｆｌｏｏｒ.

Ｔｈｅ               2004               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋ               ｉｎ               Ｏｄｚａｌａ-Ｋｏｋｏｕａ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｐａｒｋ               ｅｌｉｍｉｎａｔｅｄ               95%               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｄｒａｍａｔｉｃ               ｉｍｐａｃｔ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｌｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｕｎｉｏｎ               ｆｏｒ               Ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               Ｎａｔｕｒｅ               (ＩＵＣＮ)               ｔｏ               ｕｐｇｒａｄｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｔａｔｕｓ               ｏｆ               ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ''ｅｎｄａｎｇｅｒｅｄ''               ｔｏ               ''ｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｌｙ               ｅｎｄａｎｇｅｒｅｄ''               (Ｇｅｎｔｏｎ               2012).
               Ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ａｒｅｎ'ｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｎｌｙ               ａｆｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ.

Ｒｅｃｅｎｔ               ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ               ａｒｅ               ｓｈｏｗｉｎｇ               ｔｈａｔ               ｍｏｒｅ               ａｎｄ               ｍｏｒｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ａｒｅ               ｃａｐａｂｌｅ               ｏｆ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ａｎｄ               ｓｐｒｅａｄｉｎｇ               ｉｔ               ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｓｏｃｉｅｔｉｅｓ.

Ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｈａｖｅ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ               ｃａｓｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｄｕｉｋｅｒｓ               (ｓｍａｌｌ               ａｎｔｅｌｏｐｅ)               ａｎｄ               ｐｏｒｃｕｐｉｎｅｓ               ｃａｒｒｙｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               (Ｌｅｒｏｙ,               2004).

Ｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃａｔｅｄ               ｐｉｇｓ               ａｒｅ               ａｌｓｏ               ｓｕｓｃｅｐｔｉｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｖａｒｉｏｕｓ               ｓｔｒａｉｎｓ               (Ｅｗａｌｄ,               1998).

Ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋｓ               ｏｆ               ＥＶＤ               ｍａｙ               ｈａｖｅ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｉｂｌｅ               ｆｏｒ               ａｎ               88%               ｄｅｃｌｉｎｅ               ｏｆ               ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ               ｃｈｉｍｐａｎｚｅｅ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｌｏｓｓｉ               Ｓａｎｃｔｕａｒｙ               ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ               2002-2003               (Ｌｅｒｏｙ,               2004).

Ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ               ｇｅｔ               ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄ.
               Ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ｔｙｐｉｃａｌｌｙ               ａｖｏｉｄ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ               ａｎｄ               ｆｏｒａｇｅ               ｄｅｅｐ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｆｏｒｅｓｔｓ,               ｗｅｌｌ               ａｗａｙ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎ.

Ｉｒｏｎｉｃａｌｌｙ,               ｉｔ'ｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｇｅｔ               ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｒｏｕｂｌｅ.

Ｍａｔｔｅｒｓ               ｂｅｃｏｍｅ               ｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｅｄ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｇｏｌｄ-ｍｉｎｉｎｇ               ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ               ｐｕｓｈｅｓ               ｆａｒｔｈｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｆａｒｔｈｅｒ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｅｐ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｒａｉｎ               ｆｏｒｅｓｔ.

Ｔｈｉｓ               ｅｘｐｏｓｅｓ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｈａｂｉｔａｔｓ               ｏｆ               ｂｏｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｂａｔｓ               ＡＮＤ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｍｉｎｅｒｓ               ａｒｅ               ｌａｒｇｅｌｙ               ｄｅｖｏｉｄ               ｏｆ               ｓａｎｉｔａｔｉｏｎ               ｅｑｕｉｐｍｅｎｔ               ａｎｄ               ｕｓｕａｌｌｙ               ａｒｅｎ'ｔ               ｅｖｅｎ               ａｗａｒｅ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅｙ               ａｒｅ               ａｔ               ｒｉｓｋ.

Ａｌｌ               ｉｔ               ｔａｋｅｓ               ｉｓ               ｏｎｅ               ｃａｒｌｅｓｓ               ｗｏｒｋｅｒ               ｔｏ               ｃｏｍｅ               ｉｎ               ｃｏｎｔａｃｔ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａｎｙ               ｂｌｏｏｄ,               ｆｌｕｉｄ               ｏｒ               ｓｅｍｅｎ               ｏｆ               ａｎ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ               ｂｅｉｎｇｓ.

Ｆｏｒ               ｉｎｓｔａｎｃｅ,               ｔｈｅ               1994               ＺＥＢＯＶ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋ               ｋｉｌｌｅｄ               31               ｗｏｒｋｅｒｓ               ｉｎ               Ｇａｂｏｎｅｓｅ               ｇｏｌｄ               ｍｉｎｅｓ,               ｂｕｔ               ｉｔ               ｗａｓｎ'ｔ               ｕｎｔｉｌ               1995               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅｙ               ｆｉｎａｌｌｙ               ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｅｄ               ｉｔ               ｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｌｙ               ａｓ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               (ａｎｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｙｅｌｌｏｗ               ｆｅｖｅｒ)               (Ｆｅｌｄｍａｎｎ,               2004).

Ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ               ｐｒｏｐｅｒ               ｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ,               ｉｔ'ｓ               ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔ               ｔｏ               ｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔ               ｐｒｅｃａｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙ               ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ.
               Ｉｔ'ｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｊｕｓｔ               ａｃｃｉｄｅｎｔａｌ               ｃｏｎｔａｃｔ               ｔｈａｔ'ｓ               ｓｐｒｅａｄｉｎｇ               Ｅｂｏｌａ.

Ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｅｘｉｓｔｓ               ａ               ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｌｙ               ｌａｒｇｅ               ｄｅｍａｎｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｍｏｎｋｅｙ               ｆｌｅｓｈ               ｏｒ               "ｂｕｓｈ               ｍｅａｔ"               ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ               Ａｆｒｉｃａ               ａｎｄ               ａ               ｍａｒｋｅｒ               ｆｏｒ               ｐｏａｃｈｅｒｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｗｉｌｌ               ｄｏ               ｗｈａｔｅｖｅｒ               ｉｔ               ｔａｋｅｓ               ｔｏ               ｇｅｔ               ｉｔ.

Ｉｔ'ｓ               ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｏｒｔｈ               ｒｅｇｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｄｅｍｏｃｒａｔｉｃ               Ｒｅｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ               ｉｓ               ｈｏｍｅ               ｔｏ               ａｔ               ｌｅａｓｔ               35,000               ｏｆ               ａｎ               ｕｎｕｓｕａｌｌｙ               ｌａｒｇｅ               ｓｕｂ-ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｃｈｉｍｐａｎｚｅｅｓ.

Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈ               ｔｈｉｓ               ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｌａｒｇｅｓｔ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｃｈｉｍｐｓ               ｉｎ               ａｌｌ               ｏｆ               Ａｆｒｉｃａ,               ｔｈｅ               ｈｕｎｇｅｒ               ｆｏｒ               ｃｈｉｍｐ               ｍｅａｔ               ｉｓ               ｓｏ               ｉｎｔｅｎｓｅ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｒｓ               ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ａｒｅ               ｆａｃｉｎｇ               ａ               "ｍａｊｏｒ               ａｎｄ               ｕｒｇｅｎｔ               ｔｈｒｅａｔ"               ａｎｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ               ｉｓ               ｎｏｗ               "ｗｉｔｎｅｓｓｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇ               ｏｆ               ａ               ｍａｓｓｉｖｅ               ａｐｅ               ｄｅｃｌｉｎｅ"               (Ｗａｌｓｈ,               2005).

Ｉｔ               ｉｓ               ｏｆｔｅｎ               ｓｏｌｄ               ｉｎ               ｕｎｓｅｅｍｌｙ               ｒｏａｄｓｉｄｅ               ｓｈａｃｋｓ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｎｏ               ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ,               ｎｏ               ｓａｎｉｔａｔｉｏｎ,               ａｎｄ               ｎｏ               ｗａｙ               ｔｏ               ｔｒａｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｏｕｒｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｅａｔ.

Ｐｏａｃｈｅｒｓ               ｅｍｐｌｏｙ               ｓｉｍｐｌｅ               ｗｉｒｅ               ｓｎａｒｅｓ               ｔｏ               ｔｒａｐ               ａｎｄ               ｓｔｒａｎｇｌｅ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ.

Ｉｔ'ｓ               ａｎ               ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ               ｍｅｔｈｏｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｇａｔｈｅｒｉｎｇ               ｆｒｅｓｈ               ｍｅａｔ,               ｂｕｔ               ｉｔ               ｄｉｓｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎａｔｅｌｙ               ｔｒａｐｓ               ｗｅａｋｅｒ               (ａｎｄ               ｓｉｃｋｅｒ)               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ.

Ｐｏａｃｈｉｎｇ               (ａｓ               ｏｐｐｏｓｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｓｉｍｐｌｙ               ｓｈｏｏｔｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ)               ｌｅａｖｅｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｔａｉｎｔｅｄ               ｂｌｏｏｄ               ｉｎｓｉｄｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌ               ａｎｄ               ｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙ               ａｌｌ               ｏｖｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｕｔｃｈｅｒｅｄ               ｍｅａｔ.
               Ａｓ               ｍｕｃｈ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｎａｔｕｒａｌ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ               ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｓ               Ｅｂｏｌａ'ｓ               ｖｉｒｕｌｅｎｃｅ,               ｉｔ'ｓ               ｇｒｅａｔｅｓｔ               ｆｒｉｅｎｄ               ｉｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｏｖｅｒｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｈｕｍａｎ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｄｅｍｏｃｒａｔｉｃ               Ｒｅｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｏｆ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ               ｉｓ               ｏｎｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｏｏｒｅｓｔ               ｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｗｏｒｌｄ,               ｗｉｔｈ               ｐｅｒ               ｃａｐｉｔａ               ａｎｎｕａｌ               ｉｎｃｏｍｅ               ｏｆ               ａｂｏｕｔ               Ｕ.Ｓ.

$210               ｉｎ               2011               ａｎｄ               71%               ｂｅｉｎｇ               ｕｎｄｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｏｃａｌ               ｐｏｖｅｒｔｙ               ｌｉｎｅ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａ               ｌｉｆｅ               ｅｘｐｅｃｔａｎｃｙ               ｏｆ               51.3               ｙｅａｒｓ               (ＣＩＡ,               2012).

Ｔｈｉｓ               ｉｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅｓｕｌｔ               ｏｆ               ｙｅａｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｍｉｓｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ,               ｃｏｒｒｕｐｔｉｏｎ,               ａｎｄ               ｗａｒ               (Ｓｔａｔｅ,               2012).

ＨＩＶ/ＡＩＤＳ,               Ｍａｌａｒｉａ               ａｎｄ               Ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｚａ               ａｒｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｈｒｅｅ               ｌｅａｄｉｎｇ               ｃａｕｓｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｄｅａｔｈ               ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｉｎｇ               ｆｏｒ               ａ               ｔｈｉｒｄ               ｏｆ               ａｌｌ               Ｃｏｎｇｏｌｅｓｅ               ｄｅａｔｈｓ               ｉｎ               2010               (Ｃｏｇｈｌａｎ,               2006).

Ｒｅｇａｒｄｌｅｓｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅｌｅｎｔｌｅｓｓ               ｅｆｆｏｒｔｓ               ｍａｄｅ               ｂｙ               ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               ｇｒｏｕｐｓ               (Ｗｏｒｌｄ               Ｈｅａｌｔｈ               Ｏｒｇａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ,               Ｃｅｎｔｅｒ               ｆｏｒ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ,               Ｄｏｃｔｏｒｓ               Ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ               Ｂｏｒｄｅｒｓ,               ａｓ               ｗｅｌｌ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｏｃａｌ               Ｄｅｍｏｃｒａｔｉｃ               Ｒｅｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｏｆ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ               Ｈｅａｌｔｈ               Ｍｉｎｉｓｔｒｙ)               ｔｏ               ｅｄｕｃａｔｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｄａｎｇｅｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｃｏｎｓｕｍｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｒｒｕｐｔｅｄ               ｍｅａｔ,               ｔｈｅ               ｓｃａｒｃｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｖｉａｂｌｅ               ｆｏｏｄ               ｏｐｔｉｏｎｓ               ｍａｋｅｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｌｙ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｍｅａｔ               ａｎ               ａｌｌｕｒｉｎｇ               ｏｐｔｉｏｎ.

Ａｆｔｅｒ               ａｌｌ,               ｗｈｏ               ｃａｎ               ｂｌａｍｅ               ｓｏｍｅｏｎｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｓｔａｖｉｎｇ               ｏｆｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｅｖｉｔａｂｌｅ               ｔｈｒｅａｔ               ｏｆ               ｓｔａｒｖａｔｉｏｎ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｈａｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｇｅｔｔｉｎｇ               ｓｉｃｋ               ｏｒ               ｄｙｉｎｇ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｉｎｇｅｓｔｉｎｇ               ｓｕｌｌｉｅｄ               ｂｕｓｈ               ｍｅａｔ?

Ｐｏｖｅｒｔｙ               ａｎｄ               ｌａｃｋ               ｏｆ               ｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅ               ｏｐｔｉｏｎｓ               ｐｅｒｐｅｔｕａｔｅｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｒｅａｄ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ｐｏｏｒ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｎａｔｉｏｎｓ               (Ｆａｒｍｅｒ,               1996).
               Ｏｎｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｅｎｔｅｒｓ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ,               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｓ               ｋｅｅｐ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ.

ＥＢＶ               ｉｓ               ｓｐｒｅａｄ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｔｏ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｓａｍｅ               ｗａｙ               ｔｈａｔ               ｉｔ               ｐａｓｓｅｓ               ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ:               ｃｌｏｓｅ               ｃｏｎｔａｃｔ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｂｌｏｏｄ,               ｓｅｃｒｅｔｉｏｎｓ,               ｏｒｇａｎｓ               ｏｒ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｂｏｄｉｌｙ               ｆｌｕｉｄｓ               (Ｓｏｋｏｌ,               2006).

Ｓｉｃｋ               ｈｏｕｓｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌｓ               ａｒｅ               ｎｏｔｏｒｉｏｕｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｅｎａｂｌｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｒｅａｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ.

Ｏｆｔｅｎ               ｎｕｒｓｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｃａｒｅｔａｋｅｒｓ               ｕｎｋｎｏｗｉｎｇｌｙ               ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｌｕｉｄｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｐａｔｉｅｎｃｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｆａｍｉｌｉｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｉｅｓ               (Ｓｏｋｏｌ,               2006).

Ｂｕｒｉａｌ               ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ               ａｌｓｏ               ｅｎａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ｔｏ               ｐａｓｓ               ｈｕｍａｎ-ｔｏ-ｈｕｍａｎ               ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ               ｉｔ               ｃａｎ               ｓｕｒｖｉｖｅ               ｏｎ               ａ               ｄｅａｄ               ｏｒｇａｎｉｓｍ               ｆｏｒ               ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ｄａｙｓ.

Ｕｇａｎｄａｎ               ｒｉｔｕａｌｓ               ｄｅｍａｎｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ａｕｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｃｅａｓｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｕｎｄｒｅｓｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｒｐｓｅ,               ｗａｓｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｏｄｙ,               ａｎｄ               ｄｒｅｓｓ               ｈｉｍ               ｏｒ               ｈｅｒ               ｉｎ               ａ               ｆａｖｏｒｉｔｅ               ｏｕｔｆｉｔ.

Ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｕｎｅｒａｌ               ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ,               ａｌｌ               ｆａｍｉｌｙ               ｍｅｍｂｅｒｓ               ｗａｓｈ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｈａｎｄｓ               ｉｎ               ａ               ｃｏｍｍｕｎａｌ               ｂｏｗｌ               ａｎｄ               ｌｅａｖｅ               ａ               ｆｉｎａｌ               ｔｏｕｃｈ               (ｏｒ               "ｌｏｖｅ               ｔｏｕｃｈ"),               ｔｙｐｉｃａｌｌｙ               ｕｐｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｆａｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｐａｒｔｅｄ               ｆａｍｉｌｙ               ｍｅｍｂｅｒ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｂｏｄｙ               ｉｓ               ｔｈｅｎ               ｂｕｒｉｅｄ               ｖｅｒｙ               ｃｌｏｓｅ               ｔｏ               ｈｉｓ               ｏｒ               ｈｅｒ               ｈｏｕｓｅｈｏｌｄ               (Ｈｅｗｌｅｔｔ,               2003).

Ｉｔ'ｓ               ｗｉｄｅｌｙ               ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｒｅｃｅｎｔ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋ               ｃａｎ               ｂｅ               ｔｒａｃｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｕｎｅｒａｌ               ｏｆ               ａ               3-ｍｏｎｔｈ-ｏｌｄ               ｇｉｒｌ               ｗｈｏ               ｄｉｅｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅａｄｌｙ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ.

Ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               65               ｐｅｏｐｌｅ               ｉｎ               ａｔｔｅｎｄａｎｃｅ,               15               ｌａｔｅｒ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｅｄ               ＥＨＶ               ａｎｄ               11               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｍ               ｈａｖｅ               ｓｉｎｃｅ               ｄｉｅｄ               (Ｈｅｗｌｅｔｔ,               2003).

Ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ               ｖｉａ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｓｅｍｅｎ               ｃａｎ               ａｌｓｏ               ｏｃｃｕｒ               ｅｖｅｎ               ｕｐ               ｔｏ               ｓｅｖｅｎ               ｗｅｅｋｓ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ               ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙ,               ｍａｋｉｎｇ               ｉｔ               ｉｎｃｒｅｄｉｂｌｙ               ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔ               ｔｏ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｓｈｏｒｔ               ｏｆ               ｑｕａｒａｎｔｉｎｉｎｇ               ａｎｙｏｎｅ               ｗｈｏ               ｄｉｓｐｌａｙｉｎｇ               ａｎｙ               ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓ               ｅｖｅｎ               ｃｌｏｓｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｏｓｅ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｆｏｒ               ｗｅｅｋｓ               ｏｎ               ｅｎｄ               (Ｓｏｋｏｌ,               2006).

Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ               ｉｓ               ｓｏ               ｄｅｖａｓｔａｔｉｎｇ               ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ               ｉｔ               ｔａｋｅｓ               ａｎｙｗｈｅｒｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               2               ｄａｙｓ               ｔｏ               3               ｗｅｅｋｓ               ｔｏ               ｓｔａｒｔ               ｓｈｏｗｉｎｇ               ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓ,               ａｎｄ               ｅｖｅｎ               ｔｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅｙ               ｂｅｇｉｎ               ｍｉｌｄｌｙ               (Ｌｅｇｒａｎｄ,               2007).

Ｔｈｉｓ               ｍｅａｎｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌｓ               ｈａｖｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ               ｔｏ               ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔ               ａｎｄ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔ               ｏｔｈｅｒｓ               ｆｏｒ               ａ               ｓｉｚｅａｂｌｅ               ａｍｏｕｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｂｅｆｏｒｅ               ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ               ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓ               ｃａｎ               ｂｅ               ｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｅｄ.
               Ｔｈｉｓ               ｈｏｒｒｏｒ               ｓｔｏｒｙ               ｂｅｃｋｏｎｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ,               ｉｓ               ｔｈｅｒｅ               ａ               ｆｅａｓｉｂｌｅ               ｃｕｒｅ?

Ｑｕｉｔｅ               ｓｉｍｐｌｙ,               ｎｏ.

Ｔｈｅｒｅ               ａｒｅ               ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｌｙ               ｎｏ               ｐｒｏｖｅｎ               ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ               ｏｐｔｉｏｎｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｋｉｌｌ               ｔｈｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｉｓ               ｎｏ               ｖａｃｃｉｎｅ               ｔｈａｔ               ｃａｎ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ               (Ｍｏｒｓｅ,               2004).

Ｔｈｅ               ｏｎｌｙ               ｒｅｍｅｄｉｅｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｃａｎ               ｂｅ               ｏｆｆｅｒｅｄ               ａｒｅ               ｂｒｅａｔｈｉｎｇ               ｄｅｖｉｃｅｓ               ｔｏ               ｈｅｌｐ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａｉｌｉｎｇ               ｌｕｎｇｓ,               ＩＶ               ｆｌｕｉｄｓ               ｔｏ               ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ               ｈｙｄｒａｔｉｏｎ               ａｎｄ               ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｌｙｔｅｓ,               ｍｅｄｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｔｏ               ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ               ｆｅｖｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｂｌｏｏｄ               ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ,               ａｎｄ               ａｎｔｉｂｉｏｔｉｃｓ               ｔｏ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔ               ｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ.

Ｆｒａｎｋｌｙ,               ａ               ｎｕｒｓｅ'ｓ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｋｉｔ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｃｏｎｓｉｓｔ               ｏｆ               Ｇａｔｏｒａｄｅ,               Ｉｂｕｐｒｏｆｅｎ,               ａｎｄ               ｓｉｍｐｌｅ               ａｎｔｉｂｉｏｔｉｃｓ.

Ｉｔ'ｓ               ｌｉｔｔｌｅ               ｗｏｎｄｅｒ               ｔｈａｔ               ｕｐ               ｔｏ               90%               ｄｉｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ.
               Ｄｅｓｐｉｔｅ               ｔｈｉｓ               ｄｉｓａｓｔｒｏｕｓ               ｃｏｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ               (ｐｒｉｍｅ               ｈａｂｉｔａｔｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｃａｒｒｙｉｎｇ               ｂａｔｓ,               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ｄｙｉｎｇ               ｕｎａｂａｔｅｄｌｙ,               ａｎｄ               ｅｘｔｒｅｍｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｐｏｖｅｒｔｙ),               ｔｈｅｒｅ               ａｒｅ               ｍａｎｙ               ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｈｏｌｄ               ｔｈａｔ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｄｏｅｓｎ'ｔ               ｐｏｓｅ               ａ               ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ               ｔｈｒｅａｔ               ｔｏ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｃｉｖｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ               (Ｈéｌèｎｅ,               2002).

Ｉｎ               ｆａｃｔ,               ｓｉｎｃｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｗａｓ               ｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄ               ｉｎ               1976,               ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｈａｖｅ               ｏｎｌｙ               ｂｅｅｎ               ａｂｏｕｔ               2,300               ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ               ｃａｓｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ａｐｐｒｏｘｉｍａｔｅｌｙ               1,500               ｄｅａｔｈｓ               ｐｕｔ               ｉｔ               ｕｎｄｅｒ               50               ｄｅａｔｈｓ               ａ               ｙｅａｒ               (Ｌｅｒｏｙ,               2004).

Ｗｈｉｌｅ               ｉｔ               ｉｓ               ｔｒｕｅ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ               ａｒｅ               ｄｗｉｎｄｌｉｎｇ               ｉｎ               ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ               Ａｆｒｉｃａ,               ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙ               ｆｅｗ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｍ               ａｒｅ               ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｌｙ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｎｇ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ.

Ｉｎ               ｆａｃｔ,               ｔｈｅ               ｖｅｒｙ               ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ               ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ａｌｌｏｗ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｔｏ               "ｍａｋｅ               ａ               ｋｉｌｌｉｎｇ"               ｉｎ               Ａｆｒｉｃａ               ｄｅｅｍ               ｉｔ               ｕｎｌｉｋｅｌｙ               ｔｏ               ｈａｖｅ               ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓ               ｏｎ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               ｓｏｉｌ.
               Ｔｏ               ｂｅｇｉｎ,               ｗｅ               ｓｉｍｐｌｙ               ｄｏｎ'ｔ               ｈａｖｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓａｍｅ               ｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ.

Ｄｅｖｏｉｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｉｃｋ               ｒａｉｎ               ｆｏｒｅｓｔｓ,               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ               ｏｆｆｅｒｓ               ｎｏ               ｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌ               ｈｏｍｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ-ｃａｒｒｙｉｎｇ               ｆｒｕｉｔ               ｂａｔｓ.

Ｆｏｒ               ｓｉｍｉｌａｒ               ｒｅａｓｏｎｓ,               ｗｅ               ｆｉｎｄ               ｎｏ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ｏｒ               ｃｈｉｍｐａｎｚｅｅｓ               ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ｏｕｒ               ｂｏｒｄｅｒｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｓｃａｒｃｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ               ｒｅｎｄｅｒ               ｏｕｒ               ｎａｔｉｖｅ               ｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ               ｕｎａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔ               ｓｕｃｈ               ａ               ｑｕａｎｔｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｌａｒｇｅ               ｍａｍｍａｌｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅ               ｔｒｏｏｐｓ               ｏｆ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｒｏａｍ               ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｎｇｏｌｅｓｅ               ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｓｉｄｅ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｂｅ               ｕｎａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｆｉｎｄ               ｓｕｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ               ｆｒｕｉｔ               ｏｒ               ｓｈｅｌｔｅｒ               ｉｎ               Ｍｉｓｓｏｕｒｉ               ｏｒ               Ｏｒｅｇｏｎ.

Ｗｅ'ｖｅ               ａｌｓｏ               ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｉｚｅｄ               ａｎｄ               ｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃａｔｅｄ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｏｆ               ｏｕｒ               ｎａｔｉｏｎ.

Ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋｓ               ｈａｖｅ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｔｒａｃｅｄ               ｂａｃｋ               ｔｏ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ               ｆｏｏｌｈａｒｄｉｌｙ               ｄｅｌｖｉｎｇ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｅｒｒｉｔｏｒｙ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｐｒｉｍｉｔｉｖｅ               ｉｎｓｔｒｕｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎ.

Ｗｅ               ｓｉｍｐｌｙ               ｄｏ               ｎｏｔ               ｈａｖｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓａｍｅ               ｅｘｐａｎｓｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｕｎｄｉｓｔｕｒｂｅｄ               ｔｅｒｒａｉｎ.
               Ｂｕｔ               ｊｕｓｔ               ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｄｏｅｓｎ'ｔ               ｎａｔｕｒａｌｌｙ               ｒｅｓｉｄｅ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｉｓ               ｈｅｍｉｓｐｈｅｒｅ               ｄｏｅｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｅｘｃｌｕｄｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ.

Ｆｏｒ               ｅｘａｍｐｌｅ,               ｉｎ               1989               ｔｈｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ-Ｒｅｓｔｏｎ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ｗａｓ               ｉｎａｄｖｅｒｔｅｎｔｌｙ               ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ               ｉｎｔｏ               ａ               Ｖｉｒｇｉｎｉａ               ｑｕａｒａｎｔｉｎｅ               ｆａｃｉｌｉｔｙ               ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ               ｃｈｉｍｐａｎｚｅｅｓ               ｉｍｐｏｒｔｅｄ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｉｎｅｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｓａｍｅ               ｔｈｉｎｇ               ｈａｐｐｅｎｅｄ               ａｇａｉｎ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｓｏｍｅ               Ｍａｃａｑｕｅ               ｍｏｎｋｅｙｓ               ｉｎ               ａ               Ｔｅｘａｓ               ｆａｃｉｌｉｔｙ               ｉｎ               1996,               ａｎｄ               ｉｎ               1990               ｓｏｍｅ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｅｖｅｎ               ｅｘｐｏｓｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ａｔ               ａ               ｌａｂ               ｉｎ               Ｖｉｒｇｉｎｉａ               (Ｇｒｏｓｅｔｈ,               2007).
               Ｅｖｅｎ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｈａｓ               ｍａｄｅ               ｉｔ               ｔｏ               ｏｕｒ               ｓｈｏｒｅｓ,               ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅ               ｗｅａｌｔｈ               ａｎｄ               ｍｅｄｉｃａｌ               ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｅｄ               ｆａｔａｌｉｔｉｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｓｐｒｅａｄ               -               ｔｈｅ               ｆｏｕｒ               ａｓｙｍｐｔｏｍａｔｉｃ               ｈｕｍａｎｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｔｅｘａｓ               ｍｅｒｅｌｙ               ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ               ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｉｅｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｕｎｉｔｅｄ               Ｓｔａｔｅｓ               Ｆｏｏｄ               ａｎｄ               Ｄｒｕｇ               Ａｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ               ｅｎｆｏｒｃｅｓ               ｓｔｒｉｃｔ               ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｅａｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｃａｎ               ｂｅ               ｂｏｕｇｈｔ               ａｎｄ               ｓｏｌｄ,               ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ               ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ               ｒｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｉｏｎｓ               ｏｎ               ｃｅｒｔａｉｎ               ｔｙｐｅｓ               ｏｆ               "ｄｏｗｎｅｒ"               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               (ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ａｒｅ               ｕｎａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｓｔａｎｄ               ｏｒ               ｗａｌｋ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｏｗｎ               ｍｅｒｉｔ).

Ｔｈｅ               ｔａｉｎｔｅｄ               ｍｅａｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｄｏｍｉｎａｔｅｓ               ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｎｇｏｌｅｓｅ               ｒｏａｄｓｉｄｅｓ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｎｅｖｅｒ               ｍａｋｅ               ｉｔ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｍａｒｋｅｔ               ｉｎ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ.

Ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｖｉｒｇｉｎｉａ               ｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｔ,               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｉｍｍｅｄｉａｔｅｌｙ               ｑｕａｒａｎｔｉｎｅｄ               ａｎｄ               ｐｌｕｇｇｅｄ               ｆｕｌｌ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｓｔ               ｍｅｄｉｃａｔｉｏｎ               ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｗｈｉｌｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｕｓｐｅｃｔｅｄ               ｍｏｎｋｅｙｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｓｕｍｍａｒｉｌｙ               ｅｘｅｃｕｔｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｏｃａｌ               ｍｉｌｉｔａｒｙ.
               Ｔｈｅ               ｄｅａｄｌｉｎｅｓｓ               ｏｆ               ＥＨＦ,               ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               ｍａｙ               ｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅｌｙ               ｂｅ               ｗｈａｔ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｒｅａｃｈｉｎｇ               ｐａｎｄｅｍｉｃ               ｌｅｖｅｌｓ.

Ｏｎｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ               ｅｎｔｅｒｓ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ,               ｉｔ               ｂｕｒｎｓ               ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ               ｔｈｅｍ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａｌａｒｍｉｎｇ               ｓｐｅｅｄ,               ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ               ｑｕａｒａｎｔｉｎｉｎｇ               ｉｔｓｅｌｆ.

Ａ               ｓｌｏｗｅｒ,               ｌｅｓｓ               ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓ               ｉｌｌｎｅｓｓ               ｌｉｎｇｅｒｓ               ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ａ               ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ               ａｎｄ               ａｌｌｏｗｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｍａｘｉｍｕｍ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ.

Ｒａｒｅｌｙ               ｄｏｅｓ               ａｎ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ               ｐａｓｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｖｉｌｌａｇｅ               ｔｏ               ｖｉｌｌａｇｅ;               ｉｔ               ｓｉｍｐｌｙ               ｋｉｌｌｓ               ｉｔｓ               ｖｉｃｔｉｍｓ               ｔｏｏ               ｑｕｉｃｋｌｙ               (Ｆａｒｍｅｒ,               1996).
               Ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｉｓ               ｎｏ               ｄｏｕｂｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ＥＢＶ               ｉｓ               ｅｘｔｒａｏｒｄｉｎａｒｉｌｙ               ｃｏｎｔａｇｉｏｕｓ.

Ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｉｓ               ｎｏ               ｄｏｕｂｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｏｕｓａｎｄｓ               ｏｆ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               ａｒｅ               ｂｅｉｎｇ               ｓｌａｉｎ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｉｓ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｅｖｅｒｙ               ｙｅａｒ.

Ｉｎ               ｆａｃｔ               Ｄｒ.

Ｐｅｔｅｒ               Ｄ.

Ｗａｌｓｈ               (ａｎ               ｅｘｐｅｒｔ               ｉｎ               ｈｏｗ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ａｆｆｅｃｔｓ               ｐｒｉｍａｔｅｓ,               ｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙ               ｉｎ               ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ)               ｓａｉｄ               ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ｈｉｓ               "ｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄ               ｇｕｅｓｓ"               ｔｈａｔ               ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ               1992               ａｎｄ               2011,               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｍａｙ               ｈａｖｅ               ｋｉｌｌｅｄ               ａｓ               ｍａｎｙ               ａｓ               ａ               ｑｕａｒｔｅｒ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｗｏｒｌｄ'ｓ               ｇｏｒｉｌｌａｓ               (Ｗａｌｓｈ,               2005).

Ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｉｓ               ｎｏ               ｄｏｕｂｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｇｒｏｔｅｓｑｕｅ               ｉｍａｇｅｓ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｖｉｃｔｉｍｓ               ｓｅｌｌ               ｎｅｗｓｐａｐｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｉｎｆｌａｍｅ               ｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｆｅａｒ.

Ｂｕｔ               ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｉｓ               ｓｏ               ｍｕｃｈ               ｔｈａｔ               ｗｅ               ｄｏ               ｎｏｔ               ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ               ａｂｏｕｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｉｒｕｓ.

Ｗｈｉｌｅ               ｉｔ               ｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙ               ｓｔａｎｄｓ               ａｓ               ａ               ｆｅｒａｌ               ｔｈｒｅａｔ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               ｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｆａｃｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｗｅ               ｄｏ               ｎｏｔ               ｈａｖｅ               ａ               ｖｉａｂｌｅ               ｃｕｒｅ               ｆｏｒ               ｉｔ               ｉｓ               ｕｎｓｅｔｔｌｉｎｇ.

Ａｔ               ｌｅａｓｔ               ｉｎ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ,               ｗｅ               ｃａｎ               ｔａｋｅ               ｒｅｆｕｇｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｆａｃｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｏｃｉａｌ               ａｎｄ               ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ               ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｄｏｍｉｎａｔｅ               Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ               Ｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ               ｍａｋｅ               ｉｔ               ｕｎｌｉｋｅｌｙ               ｔｈａｔ               ｗｅ'ｌｌ               ｓｅｅ               ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋｓ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｉｎ               ｏｕｒ               ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ.
               Ｂｕｔ               ｔｈｅｎ               ａｇａｉｎ...

ｗｅ               ｍｉｇｈｔ.

               ＷＯＲＫ               ＣＩＴＥＤ
               ·               Ｂｕｒｅａｕ               ｏｆ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               Ａｆｆａｉｒｓ.

(2011,               09               09).

Ｕ.Ｓ.

Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               Ｓｔａｔｅ.

Ｒｅｔｒｉｅｖｅｄ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｈｔｔｐ://ｗｗｗ.ｓｔａｔｅ.ｇｏｖ/ｒ/ｐａ/ｅｉ/ｂｇｎ/2823.ｈｔｍ               ·               ＣＩＡ               Ｗｏｒｌｄ               Ｆａｃｔｂｏｏｋ.

(2012,               Ｍａｒｃｈ               19).

Ｒｅｔｒｉｅｖｅｄ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｈｔｔｐｓ://ｗｗｗ.ｃｉａ.ｇｏｖ/ｌｉｂｒａｒｙ/ｐｕｂｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ/ｔｈｅ-ｗｏｒｌｄ-ｆａｃｔｂｏｏｋ/ｇｅｏｓ/ｃｇ.ｈｔｍｌ               ·               Ｃｏｇｈｌａｎ,               Ｂ.

(2006).

Ｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｄｅｍｏｃｒａｔｉｃ               Ｒｅｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｏｆ               Ｃｏｎｇｏ:               Ａ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎｗｉｄｅ               Ｓｕｒｖｅｙ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ               Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ.

(367.9504).

·               Ｅｗａｌｄ,               Ｐ.

(1998).

Ｔｈｅ               Ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               Ｖｉｒｕｌｅｎｃｅ               ａｎｄ               Ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ               ｏｆ               Ｕｒｂａｎ               Ｈｅａｌｔｈ.

(1099-3460).

·               Ｄａｓｚａｋ,               Ｐ.

(2000).

Ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ               Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ               ｏｆ               Ｗｉｌｄｌｉｆｅ:               Ｔｈｒｅａｔｓ               ｔｏ               Ｂｉｏｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ               ａｎｄ               Ｈｕｍａｎ               Ｈｅａｌｔｈ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ.

·               Ｆａｒｍｅｒ,               Ｐ.

(1996).

Ｓｏｃｉａｌ               ｉｎｅｑｕａｌｉｔｉｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ               Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

·               Ｆｅｌｄｍａｎｎ,               Ｈ.

(2004).

Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｙ:               Ａ               Ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｉｎｇ               Ｍｙｓｔｅｒｙ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｔｒｅｎｄｓ               ｉｎ               Ｍｉｃｒｏｂｉｏｌｏｇｙ.

(15381189).

·               Ｇｅｎｔｏｎ               Ｃ.

(2012)               Ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙ               Ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ               ｏｆ               ａ               Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ               Ｌｏｗｌａｎｄ               Ｇｏｒｉｌｌａ               Ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ               ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ               ａ               Ｍａｊｏｒ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｏｕｔｂｒｅａｋ:               Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ａ               Ｔｅｎ               Ｙｅａｒ               Ｓｔｕｄｙ.

ＰＬｏＳ               ＯＮＥ               7(5):               ｅ37106.

ｄｏｉ:10.1371/ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ.ｐｏｎｅ.0037106               ·               Ｇｒｏｓｅｔｈ,               Ａ.

(2007).

Ｔｈｅ               Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｙ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｔｒｅｎｄｓ               ｉｎ               Ｍｉｃｒｏｂｉｏｌｏｇｙ.

(17698361).

·               Ｈéｌèｎｅ,               Ｊ.

(2002).

Ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｏｆ               Ｆａｒ-Ｆｌｕｎｇ               Ｉｌｌｎｅｓｓｅｓ:               Ｔｈｅ               Ｃａｓｅ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｉｎ               Ｂｒｉｔａｉｎ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｓｏｃｉａｌ               Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ               &               Ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ.

·               Ｈｅｗｌｅｔｔ,               Ｂ.

(2003).

Ｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ               Ｃｏｎｔｅｘｔｓ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               ｉｎ               Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ               Ｕｇａｎｄａ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ               Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

(ＰＭＣ3033100).

·               Ｌｅｇｒａｎｄ,               Ｊ.

(2007).

Ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               Ｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｃｓ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｙ               ａｎｄ               Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ.

(ＰＭＣ2870608).

·               Ｌｅｒｏｙ,               Ｅ.

(2004).

Ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｖｉｒｕｓ               Ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ               Ｅｖｅｎｔｓ               ａｎｄ               Ｒａｐｉｄ               Ｄｅｃｌｉｎｅ               ｏｆ               Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               Ｗｉｌｄｌｉｆｅ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

(1092528).

·               Ｍｏｒｓｅ,               Ｓ.

Ｓ.

(1995).

Ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｅｍｅｒｇｅｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

(Ｔｈｅ               Ｒｏｃｋｅｆｅｌｌｅｒ               Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ).

·               Ｍｏｒｓｅ,               Ｓ.

Ｓ.

(2004).

Ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ               ａｎｄ               Ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｎｔｓ               ｏｆ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               Ｅｍｅｒｇｅｎｃｅ.

(Ｃｏｌｕｍｂｉａ               Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ).

·               Ｎｉｃｈｏｌ,               Ｓ.

(2000).

Ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ               ｖｉｒａｌ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ａｃａｄｅｍｙ               ｏｆ               Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ.

(210382297).

·               Ｐｅｔｅｒｓｏｎ,               Ａ.

Ｔ.

(2004).

Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃ               ａｎｄ               Ｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃ               Ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               Ｆｉｌｏｖｉｒｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ.,               Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               ＵＳ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｉｂｒａｒｙ               ｏｆ               Ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ               -               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ               ｏｆ               Ｈｅａｌｔｈ.

(ＰＭＣ3322747)               ·               Ｐｒｅｓｔｏｎ,               Ｒ.

(1994).

Ｔｈｅ               Ｈｏｔ               Ｚｏｎｅ.

(1ｓｔ               ｅｄ.,               ｐ.

106).

Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ,               ＮＹ:               Ａｎｃｈｏｒ.

·               Ｓｏｋｏｌ,               Ｄ.

(2006).

Ｖｉｒｕｌｅｎｔ               Ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｃｓ               ａｎｄ               Ｓｃｏｐｅ               ｏｆ               Ｈｅａｌｔｈｃａｒｅ               Ｗｏｒｋｅｒｓ'               Ｄｕｔｙ               ｏｆ               Ｃａｒｅ.

Ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ               Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓ               Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ.

(1238-1241).

·               Ｗａｌｓｈ               Ｐ.Ｄ.,               (2005)               Ｗａｖｅ-Ｌｉｋｅ               Ｓｐｒｅａｄ               ｏｆ               Ｅｂｏｌａ               Ｚａｉｒｅ.

ＰＬｏＳ               Ｂｉｏｌ               3(11):               ｅ371.

ｄｏｉ:10.1371/ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ.ｐｂｉｏ.0030371               





Image of anchor accounting services






anchor accounting services
anchor accounting services


anchor accounting services Image 1


anchor accounting services
anchor accounting services


anchor accounting services Image 2


anchor accounting services
anchor accounting services


anchor accounting services Image 3


anchor accounting services
anchor accounting services


anchor accounting services Image 4


anchor accounting services
anchor accounting services


anchor accounting services Image 5


  • Related blog with anchor accounting services





    1. ronw.blogspot.com/   11/14/2010
      ...to Royal Caribbean's Crown and Anchor Society, you may find a coupon... you have left on your account. I can personally vouch for that...about Royal Caribbean's Wifi service on its ships. I really...
    2. mpetrelis.blogspot.com/   07/20/2004
      ...Rod 4/5/2004 $250.00 Chicago, IL 60657 National Public Radio/Radio Produce -[Contribution] DNC SERVICES CORPORATION/DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE Andrews, Jan 3/31/2004 $250.00 Alexandria, VA...
    3. houseofinfamy.blogspot.com/   02/19/2012
      ...any place owned by, or under the control of, any telecommunications service provider in which the inspector has reasonable grounds to believe there...
    4. talesofthenewworld.blogspot.com/   03/15/2011
      ... professionals. Dorchester was fortunate in acquiring the services of Captain John Mason. Mason had arrived on the Bay as early as 1632...
    5. chezodysseus.blogspot.com/   01/03/2012
      ...in Gramsci’s overall schematic. Taking account of Freud and the philosophical-psychological ...by insisting that Faith and Revelation anchored “humanity, with its flickering lamp...
    6. chezodysseus.blogspot.com/   11/07/2011
      ...matter if it leads to overt – perhaps deliberately intended - violence in the service of the poor? This is a hugely fraught matrix of issues and questions...
    7. thekidfromri.blogspot.com/   10/22/2006
      ... is an account of the past 36 hours...on how you look at it) my services were required... the whole duration of Anchor And Hope holding the...
    8. evanrwanda.blogspot.com/   09/18/2006
      ... AIDS rate may work as an anchor on the country’s economy. AIDS, primarily...Gladwell doesn’t appear to be taking into account that Japan, the first of the East Asian growth...
    9. phdowntown.blogspot.com/   12/23/2005
      ... - the antichrist. www.fatima.freehosting.net/Articles/Summary2.htm . 12 NBC anchorman proclaimed on the air the beginning of the New World Order on 10-11...
    10. talesofthenewworld.blogspot.com/   03/15/2011
      ... sent over to examine into the administration. Conscious of the integrity of his service, Andros obeyed the summons with alacrity, proclaimed...

      11. Anchor Accounting Services - Blog Homepage Results

      catspaw00bypsychojournal
      http://psychojournal.wordpress.com/
      ...) Website You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter...
      more Anchor Accounting Services Blogs



    Related Video with anchor accounting services







    anchor accounting services Video 1








    anchor accounting services Video 2








    anchor accounting services Video 3




    anchor accounting services































    0 개의 댓글:

    댓글 쓰기